/**
 * (c) 2010-2017 Torstein Honsi
 *
 * Support for old IE browsers (6, 7 and 8) in Highcharts v6+.
 *
 * License: www.highcharts.com/license
 */

'use strict';
import H from '../parts/Globals.js';
import '../parts/Utilities.js';
import '../parts/SvgRenderer.js';
var VMLRenderer,
    VMLRendererExtension,
    VMLElement,

    Chart = H.Chart,
    createElement = H.createElement,
    css = H.css,
    defined = H.defined,
    deg2rad = H.deg2rad,
    discardElement = H.discardElement,
    doc = H.doc,
    each = H.each,
    erase = H.erase,
    extend = H.extend,
    extendClass = H.extendClass,
    isArray = H.isArray,
    isNumber = H.isNumber,
    isObject = H.isObject,
    merge = H.merge,
    noop = H.noop,
    pick = H.pick,
    pInt = H.pInt,
    svg = H.svg,
    SVGElement = H.SVGElement,
    SVGRenderer = H.SVGRenderer,
    win = H.win,
    wrap = H.wrap;


/**
 * Path to the pattern image required by VML browsers in order to
 * draw radial gradients.
 *
 * @type {String}
 * @apioption global.VMLRadialGradientURL
 * @default {highcharts}
 *          http://code.highcharts.com/{version}/gfx/vml-radial-gradient.png
 * @default {highstock}
 *          http://code.highcharts.com/highstock/{version}/gfx/vml-radial-gradient.png
 * @default {highmaps}
 *          http://code.highcharts.com/{version}/gfx/vml-radial-gradient.png
 * @since 2.3.0
 */
H.getOptions().global.VMLRadialGradientURL =
    'http://code.highcharts.com/@product.version@/gfx/vml-radial-gradient.png';


// Utilites
if (doc && !doc.defaultView) {
    H.getStyle = function (el, prop) {
        var val,
            alias = { width: 'clientWidth', height: 'clientHeight' }[prop];

        if (el.style[prop]) {
            return H.pInt(el.style[prop]);
        }
        if (prop === 'opacity') {
            prop = 'filter';
        }

        // Getting the rendered width and height
        if (alias) {
            el.style.zoom = 1;
            return Math.max(el[alias] - 2 * H.getStyle(el, 'padding'), 0);
        }

        val = el.currentStyle[prop.replace(/\-(\w)/g, function (a, b) {
            return b.toUpperCase();
        })];
        if (prop === 'filter') {
            val = val.replace(
                /alpha\(opacity=([0-9]+)\)/,
                function (a, b) {
                    return b / 100;
                }
            );
        }

        return val === '' ? 1 : H.pInt(val);
    };
}

if (!Array.prototype.forEach) {
    H.forEachPolyfill = function (fn, ctx) {
        var i = 0,
            len = this.length;
        for (; i < len; i++) {
            if (fn.call(ctx, this[i], i, this) === false) {
                return i;
            }
        }
    };
}

if (!Array.prototype.indexOf) {
    H.indexOfPolyfill = function (arr) {
        var len,
            i = 0;

        if (arr) {
            len = arr.length;

            for (; i < len; i++) {
                if (arr[i] === this) {
                    return i;
                }
            }
        }

        return -1;
    };
}

if (!Array.prototype.filter) {
    H.filterPolyfill = function (fn) {
        var ret = [],
            i = 0,
            length = this.length;

        for (; i < length; i++) {
            if (fn(this[i], i)) {
                ret.push(this[i]);
            }
        }

        return ret;
    };
}

if (!Array.prototype.some) {
    H.some = function (fn, ctx) { // legacy
        var i = 0,
            len = this.length;

        for (; i < len; i++) {
            if (fn.call(ctx, this[i], i, this) === true) {
                return;
            }
        }
    };
}

if (!Object.prototype.keys) {
    H.keysPolyfill = function (obj) {
        var result = [],
            hasOwnProperty = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,
            prop;
        for (prop in obj) {
            if (hasOwnProperty.call(obj, prop)) {
                result.push(prop);
            }
        }
        return result;
    };
}


if (!Array.prototype.reduce) {
    H.reducePolyfill = function (func, initialValue) {
        var context = this,
            accumulator = initialValue || {},
            len = this.length;
        for (var i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
            accumulator = func.call(context, accumulator, this[i], i, this);
        }
        return accumulator;
    };
}

if (!svg) {

    // Prevent wrapping from creating false offsetWidths in export in legacy IE.
    // This applies only to charts for export, where IE runs the SVGRenderer
    // instead of the VMLRenderer
    // (#1079, #1063)
    wrap(H.SVGRenderer.prototype, 'text', function (proceed) {
        return proceed.apply(
            this,
            Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1)
        ).css({
            position: 'absolute'
        });
    });

    /**
     * Old IE override for pointer normalize, adds chartX and chartY to event
     * arguments.
     */
    H.Pointer.prototype.normalize = function (e, chartPosition) {

        e = e || win.event;
        if (!e.target) {
            e.target = e.srcElement;
        }

        // Get mouse position
        if (!chartPosition) {
            this.chartPosition = chartPosition = H.offset(this.chart.container);
        }

        return H.extend(e, {
            // #2005, #2129: the second case is for IE10 quirks mode within
            // framesets
            chartX: Math.round(Math.max(e.x, e.clientX - chartPosition.left)),
            chartY: Math.round(e.y)
        });
    };

    /**
     * Further sanitize the mock-SVG that is generated when exporting charts in
     * oldIE.
     */
    Chart.prototype.ieSanitizeSVG = function (svg) {
        svg = svg
            .replace(/<IMG /g, '<image ')
            .replace(/<(\/?)TITLE>/g, '<$1title>')
            .replace(/height=([^" ]+)/g, 'height="$1"')
            .replace(/width=([^" ]+)/g, 'width="$1"')
            .replace(/hc-svg-href="([^"]+)">/g, 'xlink:href="$1"/>')
            .replace(/ id=([^" >]+)/g, ' id="$1"') // #4003
            .replace(/class=([^" >]+)/g, 'class="$1"')
            .replace(/ transform /g, ' ')
            .replace(/:(path|rect)/g, '$1')
            .replace(/style="([^"]+)"/g, function (s) {
                return s.toLowerCase();
            });

        return svg;
    };

    /**
     * VML namespaces can't be added until after complete. Listening
     * for Perini's doScroll hack is not enough.
     *
     * @todo: Move this to the oldie.js module.
     * @private
     */
    Chart.prototype.isReadyToRender = function () {
        var chart = this;

        // Note: win == win.top is required
        if (
            !svg &&
            (
                win == win.top && // eslint-disable-line eqeqeq
                doc.readyState !== 'complete'
            )
        ) {
            doc.attachEvent('onreadystatechange', function () {
                doc.detachEvent('onreadystatechange', chart.firstRender);
                if (doc.readyState === 'complete') {
                    chart.firstRender();
                }
            });
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    };

    // IE compatibility hack for generating SVG content that it doesn't really
    // understand. Used by the exporting module.
    if (!doc.createElementNS) {
        doc.createElementNS = function (ns, tagName) {
            return doc.createElement(tagName);
        };
    }

    /**
     * Old IE polyfill for addEventListener, called from inside the addEvent
     * function.
     */
    H.addEventListenerPolyfill = function (type, fn) {
        var el = this;
        function wrappedFn(e) {
            e.target = e.srcElement || win; // #2820
            fn.call(el, e);
        }

        if (el.attachEvent) {
            if (!el.hcEventsIE) {
                el.hcEventsIE = {};
            }

            // unique function string (#6746)
            if (!fn.hcKey) {
                fn.hcKey = H.uniqueKey();
            }

            // Link wrapped fn with original fn, so we can get this in
            // removeEvent
            el.hcEventsIE[fn.hcKey] = wrappedFn;

            el.attachEvent('on' + type, wrappedFn);
        }

    };
    H.removeEventListenerPolyfill = function (type, fn) {
        if (this.detachEvent) {
            fn = this.hcEventsIE[fn.hcKey];
            this.detachEvent('on' + type, fn);
        }
    };


    /**
     * The VML element wrapper.
     */
    VMLElement = {

        docMode8: doc && doc.documentMode === 8,

        /**
         * Initialize a new VML element wrapper. It builds the markup as a
         * string to minimize DOM traffic.
         * @param {Object} renderer
         * @param {Object} nodeName
         */
        init: function (renderer, nodeName) {
            var wrapper = this,
                markup =  ['<', nodeName, ' filled="f" stroked="f"'],
                style = ['position: ', 'absolute', ';'],
                isDiv = nodeName === 'div';

            // divs and shapes need size
            if (nodeName === 'shape' || isDiv) {
                style.push('left:0;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;');
            }
            style.push('visibility: ', isDiv ? 'hidden' : 'visible');

            markup.push(' style="', style.join(''), '"/>');

            // create element with default attributes and style
            if (nodeName) {
                markup = isDiv || nodeName === 'span' || nodeName === 'img' ?
                    markup.join('')    :
                    renderer.prepVML(markup);
                wrapper.element = createElement(markup);
            }

            wrapper.renderer = renderer;
        },

        /**
         * Add the node to the given parent
         * @param {Object} parent
         */
        add: function (parent) {
            var wrapper = this,
                renderer = wrapper.renderer,
                element = wrapper.element,
                box = renderer.box,
                inverted = parent && parent.inverted,

                // get the parent node
                parentNode = parent ?
                    parent.element || parent :
                    box;

            if (parent) {
                this.parentGroup = parent;
            }

            // if the parent group is inverted, apply inversion on all children
            if (inverted) { // only on groups
                renderer.invertChild(element, parentNode);
            }

            // append it
            parentNode.appendChild(element);

            // align text after adding to be able to read offset
            wrapper.added = true;
            if (wrapper.alignOnAdd && !wrapper.deferUpdateTransform) {
                wrapper.updateTransform();
            }

            // fire an event for internal hooks
            if (wrapper.onAdd) {
                wrapper.onAdd();
            }

            // IE8 Standards can't set the class name before the element is
            // appended
            if (this.className) {
                this.attr('class', this.className);
            }

            return wrapper;
        },

        /**
         * VML always uses htmlUpdateTransform
         */
        updateTransform: SVGElement.prototype.htmlUpdateTransform,

        /**
         * Set the rotation of a span with oldIE's filter
         */
        setSpanRotation: function () {
            // Adjust for alignment and rotation. Rotation of useHTML content is
            // not yet implemented but it can probably be implemented for
            // Firefox 3.5+ on user request. FF3.5+ has support for CSS3
            // transform. The getBBox method also needs to be updated to
            // compensate for the rotation, like it currently does for SVG.
            // Test case: http://jsfiddle.net/highcharts/Ybt44/

            var rotation = this.rotation,
                costheta = Math.cos(rotation * deg2rad),
                sintheta = Math.sin(rotation * deg2rad);

            css(this.element, {
                filter: rotation ? [
                    'progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Matrix(M11=', costheta,
                    ', M12=', -sintheta, ', M21=', sintheta, ', M22=', costheta,
                    ', sizingMethod=\'auto expand\')'
                ].join('') : 'none'
            });
        },

        /**
         * Get the positioning correction for the span after rotating.
         */
        getSpanCorrection: function (
            width,
            baseline,
            alignCorrection,
            rotation,
            align
        ) {

            var costheta = rotation ? Math.cos(rotation * deg2rad) : 1,
                sintheta = rotation ? Math.sin(rotation * deg2rad) : 0,
                height = pick(this.elemHeight, this.element.offsetHeight),
                quad,
                nonLeft = align && align !== 'left';

            // correct x and y
            this.xCorr = costheta < 0 && -width;
            this.yCorr = sintheta < 0 && -height;

            // correct for baseline and corners spilling out after rotation
            quad = costheta * sintheta < 0;
            this.xCorr += (
                sintheta *
                baseline *
                (quad ? 1 - alignCorrection : alignCorrection)
            );
            this.yCorr -= (
                costheta *
                baseline *
                (rotation ? (quad ? alignCorrection : 1 - alignCorrection) : 1)
            );
            // correct for the length/height of the text
            if (nonLeft) {
                this.xCorr -= width * alignCorrection * (costheta < 0 ? -1 : 1);
                if (rotation) {
                    this.yCorr -= (
                        height *
                        alignCorrection *
                        (sintheta < 0 ? -1 : 1)
                    );
                }
                css(this.element, {
                    textAlign: align
                });
            }
        },

        /**
         * Converts a subset of an SVG path definition to its VML counterpart.
         * Takes an array as the parameter and returns a string.
         */
        pathToVML: function (value) {
            // convert paths
            var i = value.length,
                path = [];

            while (i--) {

                // Multiply by 10 to allow subpixel precision.
                // Substracting half a pixel seems to make the coordinates
                // align with SVG, but this hasn't been tested thoroughly
                if (isNumber(value[i])) {
                    path[i] = Math.round(value[i] * 10) - 5;
                } else if (value[i] === 'Z') { // close the path
                    path[i] = 'x';
                } else {
                    path[i] = value[i];

                    // When the start X and end X coordinates of an arc are too
                    // close, they are rounded to the same value above. In this
                    // case, substract or add 1 from the end X and Y positions.
                    // #186, #760, #1371, #1410.
                    if (
                        value.isArc &&
                        (value[i] === 'wa' || value[i] === 'at')
                    ) {
                        // Start and end X
                        if (path[i + 5] === path[i + 7]) {
                            path[i + 7] += value[i + 7] > value[i + 5] ? 1 : -1;
                        }
                        // Start and end Y
                        if (path[i + 6] === path[i + 8]) {
                            path[i + 8] += value[i + 8] > value[i + 6] ? 1 : -1;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            return path.join(' ') || 'x';
        },

        /**
         * Set the element's clipping to a predefined rectangle
         *
         * @param {String} id The id of the clip rectangle
         */
        clip: function (clipRect) {
            var wrapper = this,
                clipMembers,
                cssRet;

            if (clipRect) {
                clipMembers = clipRect.members;

                // Ensure unique list of elements (#1258)
                erase(clipMembers, wrapper);
                clipMembers.push(wrapper);
                wrapper.destroyClip = function () {
                    erase(clipMembers, wrapper);
                };
                cssRet = clipRect.getCSS(wrapper);

            } else {
                if (wrapper.destroyClip) {
                    wrapper.destroyClip();
                }
                cssRet = {
                    clip: wrapper.docMode8 ? 'inherit' : 'rect(auto)'
                }; // #1214
            }

            return wrapper.css(cssRet);

        },

        /**
         * Set styles for the element
         * @param {Object} styles
         */
        css: SVGElement.prototype.htmlCss,

        /**
         * Removes a child either by removeChild or move to garbageBin.
         * Issue 490; in VML removeChild results in Orphaned nodes according to
         * sIEve, discardElement does not.
         */
        safeRemoveChild: function (element) {
            // discardElement will detach the node from its parent before
            // attaching it to the garbage bin. Therefore it is important that
            // the node is attached and have parent.
            if (element.parentNode) {
                discardElement(element);
            }
        },

        /**
         * Extend element.destroy by removing it from the clip members array
         */
        destroy: function () {
            if (this.destroyClip) {
                this.destroyClip();
            }

            return SVGElement.prototype.destroy.apply(this);
        },

        /**
         * Add an event listener. VML override for normalizing event parameters.
         * @param {String} eventType
         * @param {Function} handler
         */
        on: function (eventType, handler) {
            // simplest possible event model for internal use
            this.element['on' + eventType] = function () {
                var evt = win.event;
                evt.target = evt.srcElement;
                handler(evt);
            };
            return this;
        },

        /**
         * In stacked columns, cut off the shadows so that they don't overlap
         */
        cutOffPath: function (path, length) {

            var len;

            // The extra comma tricks the trailing comma remover in
            // "gulp scripts" task
            path = path.split(/[ ,]/);
            len = path.length;

            if (len === 9 || len === 11) {
                path[len - 4] = path[len - 2] =
                    pInt(path[len - 2]) - 10 * length;
            }
            return path.join(' ');
        },

        /**
         * Apply a drop shadow by copying elements and giving them different
         * strokes
         * @param {Boolean|Object} shadowOptions
         */
        shadow: function (shadowOptions, group, cutOff) {
            var shadows = [],
                i,
                element = this.element,
                renderer = this.renderer,
                shadow,
                elemStyle = element.style,
                markup,
                path = element.path,
                strokeWidth,
                modifiedPath,
                shadowWidth,
                shadowElementOpacity;

            // some times empty paths are not strings
            if (path && typeof path.value !== 'string') {
                path = 'x';
            }
            modifiedPath = path;

            if (shadowOptions) {
                shadowWidth = pick(shadowOptions.width, 3);
                shadowElementOpacity =
                    (shadowOptions.opacity || 0.15) / shadowWidth;
                for (i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {

                    strokeWidth = (shadowWidth * 2) + 1 - (2 * i);

                    // Cut off shadows for stacked column items
                    if (cutOff) {
                        modifiedPath = this.cutOffPath(
                            path.value,
                            strokeWidth + 0.5
                        );
                    }

                    markup = [
                        '<shape isShadow="true" strokeweight="', strokeWidth,
                        '" filled="false" path="', modifiedPath,
                        '" coordsize="10 10" style="', element.style.cssText,
                        '" />'
                    ];

                    shadow = createElement(renderer.prepVML(markup),
                        null, {
                            left: pInt(elemStyle.left) +
                                pick(shadowOptions.offsetX, 1),
                            top: pInt(elemStyle.top) +
                                pick(shadowOptions.offsetY, 1)
                        }
                    );
                    if (cutOff) {
                        shadow.cutOff = strokeWidth + 1;
                    }

                    // apply the opacity
                    markup = [
                        '<stroke color="',
                        shadowOptions.color || '#000000',
                        '" opacity="', shadowElementOpacity * i, '"/>'];
                    createElement(renderer.prepVML(markup), null, null, shadow);


                    // insert it
                    if (group) {
                        group.element.appendChild(shadow);
                    } else {
                        element.parentNode.insertBefore(shadow, element);
                    }

                    // record it
                    shadows.push(shadow);

                }

                this.shadows = shadows;
            }
            return this;
        },
        updateShadows: noop, // Used in SVG only

        setAttr: function (key, value) {
            if (this.docMode8) { // IE8 setAttribute bug
                this.element[key] = value;
            } else {
                this.element.setAttribute(key, value);
            }
        },
        getAttr: function (key) {
            if (this.docMode8) { // IE8 setAttribute bug
                return this.element[key];
            }
            return this.element.getAttribute(key);
        },
        classSetter: function (value) {
            // IE8 Standards mode has problems retrieving the className unless
            // set like this. IE8 Standards can't set the class name before the
            // element is appended.
            (this.added ? this.element : this).className = value;
        },
        dashstyleSetter: function (value, key, element) {
            var strokeElem = element.getElementsByTagName('stroke')[0] ||
                createElement(
                    this.renderer.prepVML(['<stroke/>']),
                    null,
                    null,
                    element
                );
            strokeElem[key] = value || 'solid';
            // Because changing stroke-width will change the dash length and
            // cause an epileptic effect
            this[key] = value;
        },
        dSetter: function (value, key, element) {
            var i,
                shadows = this.shadows;
            value = value || [];
            // Used in getter for animation
            this.d = value.join && value.join(' ');

            element.path = value = this.pathToVML(value);

            // update shadows
            if (shadows) {
                i = shadows.length;
                while (i--) {
                    shadows[i].path = shadows[i].cutOff ?
                        this.cutOffPath(value, shadows[i].cutOff) :
                        value;
                }
            }
            this.setAttr(key, value);
        },
        fillSetter: function (value, key, element) {
            var nodeName = element.nodeName;
            if (nodeName === 'SPAN') { // text color
                element.style.color = value;
            } else if (nodeName !== 'IMG') { // #1336
                element.filled = value !== 'none';
                this.setAttr(
                    'fillcolor',
                    this.renderer.color(value, element, key, this)
                );
            }
        },
        'fill-opacitySetter': function (value, key, element) {
            createElement(
                this.renderer.prepVML(
                    ['<', key.split('-')[0], ' opacity="', value, '"/>']
                ),
                null,
                null,
                element
            );
        },
        // Don't bother - animation is too slow and filters introduce artifacts
        opacitySetter: noop,
        rotationSetter: function (value, key, element) {
            var style = element.style;
            this[key] = style[key] = value; // style is for #1873

            // Correction for the 1x1 size of the shape container. Used in gauge
            // needles.
            style.left = -Math.round(Math.sin(value * deg2rad) + 1) + 'px';
            style.top = Math.round(Math.cos(value * deg2rad)) + 'px';
        },
        strokeSetter: function (value, key, element) {
            this.setAttr(
                'strokecolor',
                this.renderer.color(value, element, key, this)
            );
        },
        'stroke-widthSetter': function (value, key, element) {
            element.stroked = !!value; // VML "stroked" attribute
            this[key] = value; // used in getter, issue #113
            if (isNumber(value)) {
                value += 'px';
            }
            this.setAttr('strokeweight', value);
        },
        titleSetter: function (value, key) {
            this.setAttr(key, value);
        },
        visibilitySetter: function (value, key, element) {

            // Handle inherited visibility
            if (value === 'inherit') {
                value = 'visible';
            }

            // Let the shadow follow the main element
            if (this.shadows) {
                each(this.shadows, function (shadow) {
                    shadow.style[key] = value;
                });
            }

            // Instead of toggling the visibility CSS property, move the div out
            // of the viewport. This works around #61 and #586
            if (element.nodeName === 'DIV') {
                value = value === 'hidden' ? '-999em' : 0;

                // In order to redraw, IE7 needs the div to be visible when
                // tucked away outside the viewport. So the visibility is
                // actually opposite of the expected value. This applies to the
                // tooltip only.
                if (!this.docMode8) {
                    element.style[key] = value ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
                }
                key = 'top';
            }
            element.style[key] = value;
        },
        xSetter: function (value, key, element) {
            this[key] = value; // used in getter

            if (key === 'x') {
                key = 'left';
            } else if (key === 'y') {
                key = 'top';
            }

            // clipping rectangle special
            if (this.updateClipping) {
                // the key is now 'left' or 'top' for 'x' and 'y'
                this[key] = value;
                this.updateClipping();
            } else {
                // normal
                element.style[key] = value;
            }
        },
        zIndexSetter: function (value, key, element) {
            element.style[key] = value;
        },
        fillGetter: function () {
            return this.getAttr('fillcolor') || '';
        },
        strokeGetter: function () {
            return this.getAttr('strokecolor') || '';
        },
        // #7850
        classGetter: function () {
            return this.getAttr('className') || '';
        }
    };
    VMLElement['stroke-opacitySetter'] = VMLElement['fill-opacitySetter'];
    H.VMLElement = VMLElement = extendClass(SVGElement, VMLElement);

    // Some shared setters
    VMLElement.prototype.ySetter =
        VMLElement.prototype.widthSetter =
        VMLElement.prototype.heightSetter =
        VMLElement.prototype.xSetter;


    /**
     * The VML renderer
     */
    VMLRendererExtension = { // inherit SVGRenderer

        Element: VMLElement,
        isIE8: win.navigator.userAgent.indexOf('MSIE 8.0') > -1,


        /**
         * Initialize the VMLRenderer
         * @param {Object} container
         * @param {Number} width
         * @param {Number} height
         */
        init: function (container, width, height) {
            var renderer = this,
                boxWrapper,
                box,
                css;

            renderer.alignedObjects = [];

            boxWrapper = renderer.createElement('div')
                .css({ position: 'relative' });
            box = boxWrapper.element;
            container.appendChild(boxWrapper.element);


            // generate the containing box
            renderer.isVML = true;
            renderer.box = box;
            renderer.boxWrapper = boxWrapper;
            renderer.gradients = {};
            renderer.cache = {}; // Cache for numerical bounding boxes
            renderer.cacheKeys = [];
            renderer.imgCount = 0;


            renderer.setSize(width, height, false);

            // The only way to make IE6 and IE7 print is to use a global
            // namespace. However, with IE8 the only way to make the dynamic
            // shapes visible in screen and print mode seems to be to add the
            // xmlns attribute and the behaviour style inline.
            if (!doc.namespaces.hcv) {

                doc.namespaces.add('hcv', 'urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml');

                // Setup default CSS (#2153, #2368, #2384)
                css = 'hcv\\:fill, hcv\\:path, hcv\\:shape, hcv\\:stroke' +
                    '{ behavior:url(#default#VML); display: inline-block; } ';
                try {
                    doc.createStyleSheet().cssText = css;
                } catch (e) {
                    doc.styleSheets[0].cssText += css;
                }

            }
        },


        /**
         * Detect whether the renderer is hidden. This happens when one of the
         * parent elements has display: none
         */
        isHidden: function () {
            return !this.box.offsetWidth;
        },

        /**
         * Define a clipping rectangle. In VML it is accomplished by storing the
         * values for setting the CSS style to all associated members.
         *
         * @param {Number} x
         * @param {Number} y
         * @param {Number} width
         * @param {Number} height
         */
        clipRect: function (x, y, width, height) {

            // create a dummy element
            var clipRect = this.createElement(),
                isObj = isObject(x);

            // mimic a rectangle with its style object for automatic updating in
            // attr
            return extend(clipRect, {
                members: [],
                count: 0,
                left: (isObj ? x.x : x) + 1,
                top: (isObj ? x.y : y) + 1,
                width: (isObj ? x.width : width) - 1,
                height: (isObj ? x.height : height) - 1,
                getCSS: function (wrapper) {
                    var element = wrapper.element,
                        nodeName = element.nodeName,
                        isShape = nodeName === 'shape',
                        inverted = wrapper.inverted,
                        rect = this,
                        top = rect.top - (isShape ? element.offsetTop : 0),
                        left = rect.left,
                        right = left + rect.width,
                        bottom = top + rect.height,
                        ret = {
                            clip: 'rect(' +
                                Math.round(inverted ? left : top) + 'px,' +
                                Math.round(inverted ? bottom : right) + 'px,' +
                                Math.round(inverted ? right : bottom) + 'px,' +
                                Math.round(inverted ? top : left) + 'px)'
                        };

                    // issue 74 workaround
                    if (!inverted && wrapper.docMode8 && nodeName === 'DIV') {
                        extend(ret, {
                            width: right + 'px',
                            height: bottom + 'px'
                        });
                    }
                    return ret;
                },

                // used in attr and animation to update the clipping of all
                // members
                updateClipping: function () {
                    each(clipRect.members, function (member) {
                        // Member.element is falsy on deleted series, like in
                        // stock/members/series-remove demo. Should be removed
                        // from members, but this will do.
                        if (member.element) {
                            member.css(clipRect.getCSS(member));
                        }
                    });
                }
            });

        },


        /**
         * Take a color and return it if it's a string, make it a gradient if
         * it's a gradient configuration object, and apply opacity.
         *
         * @param {Object} color The color or config object
         */
        color: function (color, elem, prop, wrapper) {
            var renderer = this,
                colorObject,
                regexRgba = /^rgba/,
                markup,
                fillType,
                ret = 'none';

            // Check for linear or radial gradient
            if (color && color.linearGradient) {
                fillType = 'gradient';
            } else if (color && color.radialGradient) {
                fillType = 'pattern';
            }


            if (fillType) {

                var stopColor,
                    stopOpacity,
                    gradient = color.linearGradient || color.radialGradient,
                    x1,
                    y1,
                    x2,
                    y2,
                    opacity1,
                    opacity2,
                    color1,
                    color2,
                    fillAttr = '',
                    stops = color.stops,
                    firstStop,
                    lastStop,
                    colors = [],
                    addFillNode = function () {
                        // Add the fill subnode. When colors attribute is used,
                        // the meanings of opacity and o:opacity2 are reversed.
                        markup = ['<fill colors="' + colors.join(',') +
                            '" opacity="', opacity2, '" o:opacity2="',
                            opacity1, '" type="', fillType, '" ', fillAttr,
                            'focus="100%" method="any" />'];
                        createElement(
                            renderer.prepVML(markup),
                            null,
                            null,
                            elem
                        );
                    };

                // Extend from 0 to 1
                firstStop = stops[0];
                lastStop = stops[stops.length - 1];
                if (firstStop[0] > 0) {
                    stops.unshift([
                        0,
                        firstStop[1]
                    ]);
                }
                if (lastStop[0] < 1) {
                    stops.push([
                        1,
                        lastStop[1]
                    ]);
                }

                // Compute the stops
                each(stops, function (stop, i) {
                    if (regexRgba.test(stop[1])) {
                        colorObject = H.color(stop[1]);
                        stopColor = colorObject.get('rgb');
                        stopOpacity = colorObject.get('a');
                    } else {
                        stopColor = stop[1];
                        stopOpacity = 1;
                    }

                    // Build the color attribute
                    colors.push((stop[0] * 100) + '% ' + stopColor);

                    // Only start and end opacities are allowed, so we use the
                    // first and the last
                    if (!i) {
                        opacity1 = stopOpacity;
                        color2 = stopColor;
                    } else {
                        opacity2 = stopOpacity;
                        color1 = stopColor;
                    }
                });

                // Apply the gradient to fills only.
                if (prop === 'fill') {

                    // Handle linear gradient angle
                    if (fillType === 'gradient') {
                        x1 = gradient.x1 || gradient[0] || 0;
                        y1 = gradient.y1 || gradient[1] || 0;
                        x2 = gradient.x2 || gradient[2] || 0;
                        y2 = gradient.y2 || gradient[3] || 0;
                        fillAttr = 'angle="' + (90  - Math.atan(
                            (y2 - y1) / // y vector
                            (x2 - x1) // x vector
                            ) * 180 / Math.PI) + '"';

                        addFillNode();

                    // Radial (circular) gradient
                    } else {

                        var r = gradient.r,
                            sizex = r * 2,
                            sizey = r * 2,
                            cx = gradient.cx,
                            cy = gradient.cy,
                            radialReference = elem.radialReference,
                            bBox,
                            applyRadialGradient = function () {
                                if (radialReference) {
                                    bBox = wrapper.getBBox();
                                    cx += (radialReference[0] - bBox.x) /
                                        bBox.width - 0.5;
                                    cy += (radialReference[1] - bBox.y) /
                                        bBox.height - 0.5;
                                    sizex *= radialReference[2] / bBox.width;
                                    sizey *= radialReference[2] / bBox.height;
                                }
                                fillAttr = 'src="' +
                                    H.getOptions().global.VMLRadialGradientURL +
                                    '" ' +
                                    'size="' + sizex + ',' + sizey + '" ' +
                                    'origin="0.5,0.5" ' +
                                    'position="' + cx + ',' + cy + '" ' +
                                    'color2="' + color2 + '" ';

                                addFillNode();
                            };

                        // Apply radial gradient
                        if (wrapper.added) {
                            applyRadialGradient();
                        } else {
                            // We need to know the bounding box to get the size
                            // and position right
                            wrapper.onAdd = applyRadialGradient;
                        }

                        // The fill element's color attribute is broken in IE8
                        // standards mode, so we need to set the parent shape's
                        // fillcolor attribute instead.
                        ret = color1;
                    }

                // Gradients are not supported for VML stroke, return the first
                // color. #722.
                } else {
                    ret = stopColor;
                }

            // If the color is an rgba color, split it and add a fill node
            // to hold the opacity component
            } else if (regexRgba.test(color) && elem.tagName !== 'IMG') {

                colorObject = H.color(color);

                wrapper[prop + '-opacitySetter'](
                    colorObject.get('a'),
                    prop,
                    elem
                );

                ret = colorObject.get('rgb');


            } else {
                // 'stroke' or 'fill' node
                var propNodes = elem.getElementsByTagName(prop);
                if (propNodes.length) {
                    propNodes[0].opacity = 1;
                    propNodes[0].type = 'solid';
                }
                ret = color;
            }

            return ret;
        },

        /**
         * Take a VML string and prepare it for either IE8 or IE6/IE7.
         * @param {Array} markup A string array of the VML markup to prepare
         */
        prepVML: function (markup) {
            var vmlStyle = 'display:inline-block;behavior:url(#default#VML);',
                isIE8 = this.isIE8;

            markup = markup.join('');

            if (isIE8) { // add xmlns and style inline
                markup = markup.replace(
                    '/>',
                    ' xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" />'
                );
                if (markup.indexOf('style="') === -1) {
                    markup = markup.replace(
                        '/>',
                        ' style="' + vmlStyle + '" />'
                    );
                } else {
                    markup = markup.replace('style="', 'style="' + vmlStyle);
                }

            } else { // add namespace
                markup = markup.replace('<', '<hcv:');
            }

            return markup;
        },

        /**
         * Create rotated and aligned text
         * @param {String} str
         * @param {Number} x
         * @param {Number} y
         */
        text: SVGRenderer.prototype.html,

        /**
         * Create and return a path element
         * @param {Array} path
         */
        path: function (path) {
            var attr = {
                // subpixel precision down to 0.1 (width and height = 1px)
                coordsize: '10 10'
            };
            if (isArray(path)) {
                attr.d = path;
            } else if (isObject(path)) { // attributes
                extend(attr, path);
            }
            // create the shape
            return this.createElement('shape').attr(attr);
        },

        /**
         * Create and return a circle element. In VML circles are implemented as
         * shapes, which is faster than v:oval
         * @param {Number} x
         * @param {Number} y
         * @param {Number} r
         */
        circle: function (x, y, r) {
            var circle = this.symbol('circle');
            if (isObject(x)) {
                r = x.r;
                y = x.y;
                x = x.x;
            }
            circle.isCircle = true; // Causes x and y to mean center (#1682)
            circle.r = r;
            return circle.attr({ x: x, y: y });
        },

        /**
         * Create a group using an outer div and an inner v:group to allow
         * rotating and flipping. A simple v:group would have problems with
         * positioning child HTML elements and CSS clip.
         *
         * @param {String} name The name of the group
         */
        g: function (name) {
            var wrapper,
                attribs;

            // set the class name
            if (name) {
                attribs = {
                    'className': 'highcharts-' + name,
                    'class': 'highcharts-' + name
                };
            }

            // the div to hold HTML and clipping
            wrapper = this.createElement('div').attr(attribs);

            return wrapper;
        },

        /**
         * VML override to create a regular HTML image
         * @param {String} src
         * @param {Number} x
         * @param {Number} y
         * @param {Number} width
         * @param {Number} height
         */
        image: function (src, x, y, width, height) {
            var obj = this.createElement('img')
                .attr({ src: src });

            if (arguments.length > 1) {
                obj.attr({
                    x: x,
                    y: y,
                    width: width,
                    height: height
                });
            }
            return obj;
        },

        /**
         * For rectangles, VML uses a shape for rect to overcome bugs and
         * rotation problems
         */
        createElement: function (nodeName) {
            return nodeName === 'rect' ?
                this.symbol(nodeName) :
                SVGRenderer.prototype.createElement.call(this, nodeName);
        },

        /**
         * In the VML renderer, each child of an inverted div (group) is
         * inverted
         * @param {Object} element
         * @param {Object} parentNode
         */
        invertChild: function (element, parentNode) {
            var ren = this,
                parentStyle = parentNode.style,
                imgStyle = element.tagName === 'IMG' && element.style; // #1111

            css(element, {
                flip: 'x',
                left: pInt(parentStyle.width) -
                    (imgStyle ? pInt(imgStyle.top) : 1),
                top: pInt(parentStyle.height) -
                    (imgStyle ? pInt(imgStyle.left) : 1),
                rotation: -90
            });

            // Recursively invert child elements, needed for nested composite
            // shapes like box plots and error bars. #1680, #1806.
            each(element.childNodes, function (child) {
                ren.invertChild(child, element);
            });
        },

        /**
         * Symbol definitions that override the parent SVG renderer's symbols
         *
         */
        symbols: {
            // VML specific arc function
            arc: function (x, y, w, h, options) {
                var start = options.start,
                    end = options.end,
                    radius = options.r || w || h,
                    innerRadius = options.innerR,
                    cosStart = Math.cos(start),
                    sinStart = Math.sin(start),
                    cosEnd = Math.cos(end),
                    sinEnd = Math.sin(end),
                    ret;

                if (end - start === 0) { // no angle, don't show it.
                    return ['x'];
                }

                ret = [
                    'wa', // clockwise arc to
                    x - radius, // left
                    y - radius, // top
                    x + radius, // right
                    y + radius, // bottom
                    x + radius * cosStart, // start x
                    y + radius * sinStart, // start y
                    x + radius * cosEnd, // end x
                    y + radius * sinEnd  // end y
                ];

                if (options.open && !innerRadius) {
                    ret.push(
                        'e',
                        'M',
                        x, // - innerRadius,
                        y // - innerRadius
                    );
                }

                ret.push(
                    'at', // anti clockwise arc to
                    x - innerRadius, // left
                    y - innerRadius, // top
                    x + innerRadius, // right
                    y + innerRadius, // bottom
                    x + innerRadius * cosEnd, // start x
                    y + innerRadius * sinEnd, // start y
                    x + innerRadius * cosStart, // end x
                    y + innerRadius * sinStart, // end y
                    'x', // finish path
                    'e' // close
                );

                ret.isArc = true;
                return ret;

            },
            // Add circle symbol path. This performs significantly faster than
            // v:oval.
            circle: function (x, y, w, h, wrapper) {

                if (wrapper && defined(wrapper.r)) {
                    w = h = 2 * wrapper.r;
                }

                // Center correction, #1682
                if (wrapper && wrapper.isCircle) {
                    x -= w / 2;
                    y -= h / 2;
                }

                // Return the path
                return [
                    'wa', // clockwisearcto
                    x, // left
                    y, // top
                    x + w, // right
                    y + h, // bottom
                    x + w, // start x
                    y + h / 2,     // start y
                    x + w, // end x
                    y + h / 2,     // end y
                    'e' // close
                ];
            },
            /**
             * Add rectangle symbol path which eases rotation and omits arcsize
             * problems compared to the built-in VML roundrect shape. When
             * borders are not rounded, use the simpler square path, else use
             * the callout path without the arrow.
             */
            rect: function (x, y, w, h, options) {
                return SVGRenderer.prototype.symbols[
                    !defined(options) || !options.r ? 'square' : 'callout'
                ].call(0, x, y, w, h, options);
            }
        }
    };
    H.VMLRenderer = VMLRenderer = function () {
        this.init.apply(this, arguments);
    };
    VMLRenderer.prototype = merge(SVGRenderer.prototype, VMLRendererExtension);

    // general renderer
    H.Renderer = VMLRenderer;
}

SVGRenderer.prototype.getSpanWidth = function (wrapper, tspan) {
    var renderer = this,
        bBox = wrapper.getBBox(true),
        actualWidth = bBox.width;

    // Old IE cannot measure the actualWidth for SVG elements (#2314)
    if (!svg && renderer.forExport) {
        actualWidth = renderer.measureSpanWidth(
            tspan.firstChild.data,
            wrapper.styles
        );
    }
    return actualWidth;
};

// This method is used with exporting in old IE, when emulating SVG (see #2314)
SVGRenderer.prototype.measureSpanWidth = function (text, styles) {
    var measuringSpan = doc.createElement('span'),
        offsetWidth,
        textNode = doc.createTextNode(text);

    measuringSpan.appendChild(textNode);
    css(measuringSpan, styles);
    this.box.appendChild(measuringSpan);
    offsetWidth = measuringSpan.offsetWidth;
    discardElement(measuringSpan); // #2463
    return offsetWidth;
};


