Fijate con el método CompactDatabase de DAO, en la MSDN está este ejemplo:
Sub CompactDatabaseX()
Dim dbsNorthwind As Database
Set dbsNorthwind = OpenDatabase("Northwind.mdb")
With dbsNorthwind
Debug.Print .Name & ", version " & .Version
Debug.Print " CollatingOrder = " & .CollatingOrder
.Close
End With
If Dir("NwindKorean.mdb") <> "" Then _
Kill "NwindKorean.mdb"
DBEngine.CompactDatabase "Northwind.mdb", _
"NwindKorean.mdb", dbLangKorean
Set dbsNorthwind = OpenDatabase("NwindKorean.mdb")
With dbsNorthwind
Debug.Print .Name & ", version " & .Version
Debug.Print " CollatingOrder = " & .CollatingOrder
.Close
End With
End Sub